Objectives of Programme's Learning Outcomes

• Understand the fundamentals (theories and tools) in human and social sciences
• Understand the social environment and the way it works, as well as the role played by different social, economic and political agents
• Analyse historical and contemporary phenomena of societies.
• Political Science option : Understand the fundamentals in the field of political science
• Develop a critical design of concepts, models and methods proposed in political science.
• Distinguish objectivity from subjectivity, and express the ideological dimension behind political and institutional issues.
• Master knowledge from disciplines within social and human sciences.
• Identify and explain the basic theories in political sciences and social sciences.
• Understand extensive issues and answer key questions in these disciplines.
• Master the principles and methodologies of scientific approaches applicable in the disciplines within social and human sciences
• Conduct relevant research from scientific literature on a particular research topic.
• Give a critique and argue a point of view as part of a scientific approach
• Appropriately collect, analyse and interpret empirical data on issues within social and human sciences.
• Understand and implement tools and methods for collecting quantitative data.
• Understand and implement tools and methods for collecting qualitative data.
• Process empirical data collected with care.
• Communicate in a clear, structured and justified manner on issues related to human and social sciences
• Develop and structure reasoning and arguments by mobilising concepts and methods specific to disciplines of human and social sciences.
• Communicate, both orally and in writing, on issues related to human and social sciences.
• Demonstrate analytical skills.
• Apply transferable skills, such as analysis and critical thinking, thoroughness, independence, and teamwork
• Produce an analysis independently and in collaboration with peers, while demonstrating thoroughness.
• Demonstrate a critical mind, ethical values and independent judgment issues of human and social sciences.
• Mobilise acquired knowledge and skills to develop learning strategies required at the chosen Master level.

Learning Outcomes of UE

At the end of this course, students will be able to carry out an in-depth reflection on the issues of citizenship and democracy, as well as on the need to change them.

UE Content: description and pedagogical relevance

Omnipresent in public debate, the idea of citizenship stirs up a large number of different and sometimes contradictory themes, while that of democracy arouses both growing skepticism as to its ability to promote the common good and numerous questions about the the very meaning of the term. Although accepted and self-evident today, the association of the terms "democracy" and "citizenship" is nevertheless complex. There are differences in political usage that testify to the fundamental distinctions between these two terms. While citizenship brings a reflection on the belonging of an individual to a group, a city, a state; democracy represents a political regime conceived through the sovereignty of the people and associated, sometimes unjustifiably, with parliamentary representation. The exercise of citizenship represents an important dimension of democratic life, but it can also be exercised in other political regimes... Depending on how it is defined, it can also be an obstacle to it: citizenship designating the conditions of inclusion of the individual in the political community, it can also constitute a factor of exclusion.
In addition, the current national and supranational crises (loss of reference in the face of globalization and financial globalization, economic and social crisis, crisis of identification of populations, crisis of values and institutions, crisis of representation and representativeness) , crystallized by a crisis of political confidence, imply redefining the relationship between citizenship and democracy. In this sense, the elites are trying to reintroduce various forms of citizenship and democracy so that these words do not remain empty shells, in particular by organizing spaces of citizenship and participatory democracy whose primary purpose is to strengthen citizens' investment in public life. Multiple qualifiers are attributed to these terms which now make them almost inseparable: participatory, responsible, inclusive, active citizenship corresponds to participatory, representative, popular, deliberative democracy, etc.
I therefore propose, in this course, to identify new ways of bringing civic causes to the political scene, by asking the question of alternative forms to representative democracy. After reviewing these concepts, the course will be organized into three main areas, which are all questions: 1/the question of the link between citizenship and democracy; 2/ the political stakes of the renewal of the relationship uniting citizenship and democracy; 3/ the modalities and renewal of mechanisms for citizen participation in democratic life.
The evaluation of this teaching will consist of an oral examination, relating to questions studied in class. It will be a question of evaluating the way in which the students appropriate and master the ins and outs of the relationships which unite and/or oppose democracy and citizenship.

Prior Experience

Not applicable